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- Apple II
- Technical Notes
- _____________________________________________________________________________
- Developer Technical Support
-
-
- Memory Expansion Card
- #1: Questions and Answers
-
- Revised by: Mike Askins & Matt Deatherage November 1988
- Written by: Cameron Birse April 1986
-
- This Technical Note documents many of the questions and answers concerning the
- Memory Expansion Card which are not covered in its manual.
- _____________________________________________________________________________
-
-
- Question: What screen holes does the Memory Expansion Card firmware use?
- Answer: The Memory Expansion Card uses the following screen holes:
-
- $478 + slot numbanks number of 64K banks (256K = $04, 512 = $08)
- $4F8 + slot powerup powerup byte ($A5)
- $578 + slot power2
-
- These screen holes are not cast in concrete and may change with a
- new revision of the firmware.
-
- Question: Why does RESET turn off the Memory Expansion Card registers until
- an access to the $Cn00 space?
- Answer: The reason $Cn00 enables the registers was to optimize speed and
- the number of pins and logic on the custom gate array. The boot
- scan hits $Cn00 anyway and enables the registers.
-
- Question: Will any access (read, write, or status) to the firmware cause the
- Memory Expansion Card to format itself?
- Answer: Yes, any access to the firmware will cause it to format itself to
- the current operating system (DOS 3.3, Pascal, or ProDOS),
- assuming it is not already formatted.
-
- Question: Why isn't the Memory Expansion Card marked as a non-interruptible
- device? What if an interrupt occurred during access to the card
- and the interrupt handler also accessed the card?
- Answer: The Memory Expansion Card is not marked as a non-interruptible
- device because it would not be fatal to have an interrupt occur
- during an access to the device. Obviously, the interrupt handler
- would have to save and restore the registers as well as update the
- "free block" bitmap, so when the handler returns control the
- program does not overwrite the new data. The reason other devices
- are marked as non-interruptible is due to timing dependent read
- and write requirements.
-
- Question: Why does the Memory Expansion Card fail to format if the powerup
- screen hole contains the value $A0?
- Answer: The firmware checks the screen holes for $A0 values, and if they
- are all $A0, it assumes that someone made a mistake and cleared
- the screen improperly, filling the screen holes with spaces. In
- this case, the firmware does not want to reformat and lose all the
- files on the RAM disk.
-
- Question: The code at $Cn5A has the following sequence, and does not seem to
- make sense:
-
- LDA #$1
- LDY $42
- CMP #4
- BCS Cn8E
-
- Shouldn't the CMP #4 be a CPY #4?
- Answer: Yes, this is a known bug that will be fixed if the ROMs are ever
- revised. The bug by itself was not considered significant enough
- to justify a revision. Note that this is corrected in the Memory
- Expandable Apple IIc.
-
- Question: If DOS formats the Memory Expansion Card, ProDOS cannot reformat
- it without a power down or using a ProDOS application which
- formats disks. In other words, it does not reformat itself when I
- boot into a new operating system. Isn't that a bit severe?
- Answer: This is no different than any other disk device. ProDOS does not
- have a format command, so you cannot just format from ProDOS
- without having the formatter installed and some means for calling
- it. Additionally this was done intentionally so that you could
- load DOS files into the RAM card and be able to boot ProDOS and
- use the CONVERT program to convert the DOS files to ProDOS.
-
-